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Working from scratch, following simplicity

Design a storm sewer fixing speed

In this tutorial I will show you how to use my program, storm_sewer.exe, in order to design a system, fixing the speed line by line. The sewer data are taken by a duplicated lecture note, so you will able to compare my results with these. Besides I prove how a complex system could be subdivided for a better compatibility with my software.

Here is the article with the software e for lazy people here is the zipped folder for download: Storm_sewer_0_9_2.zip
New releases are available here(2012/10/10) I begin the conversion of Storm Sewer into a web application, to see how it will work and the progress of this project, go here: Storm sewer webapp: concept.

Input data

The system is taken by this PDF: Calcolo_condotte.pdf edited by prof. Salandin (University of Padua):



LineLenghtSurfaceΦ
-mha-
AC50 0.290.4
BC70 0.500.5
CD85 0.650.6

1 ha = 104 m2

The IFD curve is the following:

h = 51,4 t0,375 (a is in mm hour -n)

The circular ducts are in fiber cement, with KS=75 m1/3/s and with this increase of commercial diameter: 300, 400, 500, 600 in mm.

I convert the network in this way, modifying the input_rete.dat file:

"|system data|"
"|on the left the values, on the right the description|"
75        "|KS - Gauckler-Strickler in m^(1/3)/s|"
51.40        "|a of IFD curve [mm hour^-n|"
0.375        "|n of IFD curve [-]|"
1        "|1 if n must multiplicated by 4/3 or 0|"
40        "|VO in m^3/ha|"
0.005        "|tolerance|"
3        "|number of lines to design|"
"|description of single line|"
"A"        "|label upstream|"
2900        "|surface in m^2|"
50        "|length in m|"
0.4        "|degree of permeability|"
0        "|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"B"        "|label upstream|"
5000        "|surface in m^2|"
70        "|length in m|"
0.50        "|degree of permeability|"
0        "|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"C"        "|label upstream|"
6500        "|surface in m^2|"
85        "|length in m|"
0.60        "|degree of permeability|"
1        "|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"

Output on the screen

I show you some meaningful screen with the more useful steps to use the program. I highlight the choice of the fixing parameter: the speed is 1 m/s and the attempts to determine the correct diameter.

Reading the final summary, the line_from_A_to_C.txt:

___________________________________________________________________________
                              SUMMARY
 
Line from   L           ST      D      y/D      v      Q       i      TAU
    -       m          m^2      m       -      m/s    l/s      -     N/m^2
    A     50.00     2900.00  0.300    0.45   1.000  30.62  0.00617  4.233
    B     70.00     5000.00  0.400    0.57   1.000  74.15  0.00345  3.661
    C     85.00    14400.00  0.600    0.69   1.000 208.26  0.00179  3.107
 

You can note the necessity to subdivide further the BC and CD lines, because they jump two diameters: 0,300 mm for BC and 0,500 mm for CD.

Input data for subdivided system

New schematization with two new subdivisions: BC becomes BB1 e B1C and CD CC1 and C1D:



LineLengthSurfaceΦ
-mha-
AC500.290.4
BB1250.200.5
B1C450.300.5
CC1250.200.6
C1D600.450.6

1 ha = 104 m2

In my program this sewer can't be completely inserted, but it will be divided into two parts:

  1. the line from B to C will be analyzed firstly and will produce the final design for this section of the system;
  2. the network will be reassembled with the union of the first part results (considered as a single line), with the rest of the sewer data.

In this manner:

I design the first external part, with two or more subdivisionsI assemble the system, converting the first part in a single line (using the output data in the <<For systems to reassemble>> paragraph)


input_system_from_B_to_B1.dat:

"|system data|"
"|on the left the values, on the right the description|"
75	"|KS - Gauckler-Strickler in m^(1/3)/s|"
51.40	"|a of IFD curve [mm hour^-n|"
0.375	"|n of IFD curve [-]|"
1	"|1 if n must multiplicated by 4/3 or 0|"
40	"|VO in m^3/ha|"
0.005	"|tolerance|"
2	"|number of lines to design|"
"|description of single line|"
"B"	"|label upstream|"
2000	"|surface in m^2|"
25	"|length in m|"
0.5	"|degree of permeability|"
0	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"B1"	"|label upstream|"
3000	"|surface in m^2|"
45	"|length in m|"
0.50	"|degree of permeability|"
1	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"

Results in line_from_B_to_B1.txt

input_system_from_A_to_C1.dat:

"|system data|"
"|on the left the values, on the right the description|"
75	"|KS - Gauckler-Strickler in m^(1/3)/s|"
51.40	"|a of IFD curve [mm hour^-n|"
0.375	"|n of IFD curve [-]|"
1	"|1 if n must multiplicated by 4/3 or 0|"
40	"|VO in m^3/ha|"
0.005	"|tolerance|"
4	"|number of lines to design|"
"|description of single line|"
"A"	"|label upstream|"
2900	"|surface in m^2|"
50	"|length in m|"
0.4	"|degree of permeability|"
0	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"B_B1"	"|label upstream|"
5000	"|surface in m^2|"
70	"|length in m|"
0.50	"|degree of permeability|"
0	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"C"	"|label upstream|"
2000	"|surface in m^2|"
25	"|length in m|"
0.60	"|degree of permeability|"
1	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"
"C1"	"|label upstream|"
4500	"|surface in m^2|"
60	"|length in m|"
0.60	"|degree of permeability|"
1	"|if line is internal [1] otherwise [0]|"

Results in line_from_A_to_C1.txt

 


Final relation

I have compressed all the files here: Data_and_Results_v_assigned.zip

It is possible to rielaborate the single input data: renaming it in input_system.dat and moving it in the same folder of storm_sewer.exe. Here is the complete design with all the lines, I composed it copying parts of the results found previously:

***************************************************************************
*               PROGRAMMING TO DESIGN A STORM SEWER SYSTEM                *
*                     USING LINEAR RESERVOIR MODEL                        *
***************************************************************************
                                                            (Version 0.9.2)
 
              Software open source by Nicola Rainiero, under GPLv3 license
                 \\--->  rainnic.altervista.org  <---//
 
 
___________________________________________________________________________
                  The system is defined by input_system.dat
 
First value of v0                          v0  =  40 m^3/ha
Coefficients of IFD curve                  a   =  51.4 mm hour^-n
                                           n   =  0.375
                                           n'  =  0.5
Gauckler-Strickler roughness coefficient   KS  =  75 m^(1/3)/s
Numbers of lines to design                 N   =  4
Tolerance value                            MIN =  0.005
___________________________________________________________________________
                         SUMMARY OF LINES INSERTED
Label         Surface       Length        PHI           INT/EXT
    -            ha             m          -              1/0
    A           0.29           50          0.4             0 
    B           0.2            25          0.5             0 
    B1          0.3            45          0.5             1 
    C           0.2            25          0.6             1 
    C1          0.45           60          0.6             1 
 
_______________
  Line from A
  L           S aff.        S tot.        PHI tot.          Kc
  m             ha            ha             -               -
 50            0.29          0.29          0.400           4782
 
Line dimensioned by fixing the speed in  1 m/s
 
    VO            U            Q           A'        VOP=A'L       D      y/D
  m^3/ha       l/s,ha         l/s         m^2           m^3        m       -
   40.00       119.550       34.670      0.035        1.733
   45.98       104.008       30.162      0.030        1.508
   45.20       105.796       30.681      0.031        1.534
   45.29       105.587       30.620      0.031        1.531
   45.29       105.587       30.620      0.031        1.531      0.30    0.45
 
For line from A:
   D       y/D      v       Q       i         TAU  
   m        -      m/s     l/s      -        N/m^2
  0.300    0.45   1.000   30.62  0.006171     4.2
 
_______________
  Line from B
  L           S aff.        S tot.        PHI tot.          Kc
  m             ha            ha             -               -
 25            0.2           0.2           0.500           7472
 
Line dimensioned by fixing the speed in  1 m/s
 
    VO            U            Q           A'        VOP=A'L       D      y/D
  m^3/ha       l/s,ha         l/s         m^2           m^3        m       -
   40.00       186.797       37.359      0.037        0.934
   44.67       167.269       33.454      0.033        0.836
   44.18       169.117       33.823      0.034        0.846
   44.23       168.940       33.788      0.034        0.845
   44.23       168.940       33.788      0.034        0.845      0.30    0.48
 
For line from B:
   D       y/D      v       Q       i         TAU  
   m        -      m/s     l/s      -        N/m^2
  0.300    0.48   1.000   33.79  0.005822     4.2
 
_______________
  Line from B1
  L           S aff.        S tot.        PHI tot.          Kc
  m             ha            ha             -               -
 45            0.3           0.5           0.500           7472
 
Line dimensioned by fixing the speed in  1 m/s
 
    VO            U            Q           A'        VOP=A'L       D      y/D
  m^3/ha       l/s,ha         l/s         m^2           m^3        m       -
   41.69       179.227       89.614      0.090        4.033
   49.75       150.175       75.087      0.075        3.379
   48.45       154.227       77.114      0.077        3.470
   48.63       153.649       76.824      0.077        3.457
   48.60       153.731       76.866      0.077        3.459
   48.60       153.731       76.866      0.077        3.459      0.30    0.94
   48.60       153.731       76.866      0.077        3.459      0.40    0.59
 
For line from B1:
   D       y/D      v       Q       i         TAU  
   m        -      m/s     l/s      -        N/m^2
  0.400    0.59   1.000   76.87  0.003368     3.6

 
_______________
  Line from C
  L           S aff.        S tot.        PHI tot.          Kc
  m             ha            ha             -               -
 25            0.2           0.9899999     0.491           7203
 
Line dimensioned by fixing the speed in  1 m/s
 
    VO            U            Q           A'        VOP=A'L       D      y/D
  m^3/ha       l/s,ha         l/s         m^2           m^3        m       -
   46.79       153.938      152.399      0.152        3.810
   50.64       142.239      140.817      0.141        3.520
   50.35       143.065      141.635      0.142        3.541
   50.37       143.007      141.577      0.142        3.539
   50.37       143.007      141.577      0.142        3.539      0.40    0.94
   50.37       143.007      141.577      0.142        3.539      0.50    0.68
 
For line from C:
   D       y/D      v       Q       i         TAU  
   m        -      m/s     l/s      -        N/m^2
  0.500    0.68   1.000  141.58  0.002299     3.3
 
_______________
  Line from C1
  L           S aff.        S tot.        PHI tot.          Kc
  m             ha            ha             -               -
 60            0.45          1.44          0.525           8238
 
Line dimensioned by fixing the speed in  1 m/s
 
    VO            U            Q           A'        VOP=A'L       D      y/D
  m^3/ha       l/s,ha         l/s         m^2           m^3        m       -
   47.13       174.805      251.719      0.252       15.103
   57.61       142.982      205.895      0.206       12.354
   55.70       147.883      212.952      0.213       12.777
   56.00       147.107      211.834      0.212       12.710
   55.95       147.229      212.010      0.212       12.721
   55.96       147.210      211.982      0.212       12.719
   55.96       147.210      211.982      0.212       12.719      0.50    0.94
   55.96       147.210      211.982      0.212       12.719      0.60    0.70
 
For line from C1:
   D       y/D      v       Q       i         TAU  
   m        -      m/s     l/s      -        N/m^2
  0.600    0.70   1.000  211.98  0.001779     3.1
 
___________________________________________________________________________
                              SUMMARY
 
Line from   L           ST      D      y/D      v      Q       i      TAU
    -       m          m^2      m       -      m/s    l/s      -     N/m^2
    A     50.00     2900.00  0.300    0.45   1.000  30.62  0.00617  4.233
    B     25.00     2000.00  0.300    0.48   1.000  33.79  0.00582  4.172
    B1    45.00     5000.00  0.400    0.59   1.000  76.87  0.00337  3.639
    C     25.00     9900.00  0.500    0.68   1.000 141.58  0.00230  3.307
    C1    60.00    14400.00  0.600    0.70   1.000 211.98  0.00178  3.102

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Nicola Rainiero

A civil geotechnical engineer with the ambition to facilitate own work with free software for a knowledge and collective sharing. Also, I deal with green energy and in particular shallow geothermal energy. I have always been involved in web design and 3D modelling.